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Scientists discover specific variant of protection gene against COVID-19

Scientists discover specific variant of protection gene against COVID-19

Researchers have discovered a variant of a protective gene that appears to protect humans from severe COVID-19 disease. This discovery could lead to new advances in the fight against coronavirus.

Since the beginning of the pandemic, scientists have been searching for how patient's genetics affect the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, exposing inherited factors that appear to protect or endanger people from severe disease symptoms. .

It already seems that their efforts have brought a promising discovery. Based on findings from late 2020 that revealed numerous genetic mechanisms associated with life-threatening cases of COVID-19, an international team of researchers has identified a specific variant of a gene that could provide protection against serious disease.

In 2020, an analysis of genetic data obtained mainly in Europe revealed that part of the genetic variants in the OAS1 / 2/3 gene group was linked to several antiviral mechanisms. These variants provided an approximately 23 percent lower risk of becoming seriously ill in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in addition to other factors associated with susceptibility to the virus.

However, it was unclear what exactly was inside this piece of DNA inherited primarily from Neanderthals that prompted the added protection against coronavirus, meaning that it was not yet possible to identify the gene or genes that provided this protection.

In a new study, researchers compared information from people of different backgrounds - looking at genetic data sets of people from African and European backgrounds.

The aim of the scientists was to see if they could focus their research on the OAS1 / 2/3 group and determine the same protection in the relatively shorter haplotypes of Africans who do not carry the same complex gene flow from Neanderthals and Denisovans in their DNA.

Kjo qasje funksionoi. Në një analizë të 2,787 rasteve të COVID-19 së bashku me të dhënat gjenetike të 130,997 individëve me prejardhje afrikane, studiuesit identifikuan një alel në gjenin rs10774671 që siguron mbrojtje kundër shtrimit në spital me COVID-19 tek individët me prejardhje afrikane, që korrespondon me atë që ishte vënë re më parë tek europianët.

“Fakti që individët me origjinë afrikane kishin të njëjtën mbrojtje na mundësoi të identifikonim variantin unik në ADN që mbron nga infektimi me COVID-19,” thotë autorja kryesore dhe studiuesja e gjenomikës Jennifer Huffman nga Sistemi i Kujdesit Shëndetësor VA Boston.

Varianti në fjalë – i quajtur rs10774671 G – siguron mbrojtje kundër simptomave të rënda të COVID-19, pavarësisht nga alelet e tjera në popullatat jo-afrikane, thonë studiuesit. Analiza e tyre sugjeron se ky ka të ngjarë të jetë varianti i vetëm që shkakton efektin mbrojtës.

Ndërsa ka ende shumë për të zbuluar rreth rs10774671 G, studiuesit sugjerojnë se mbrojtja ndaj koronavirusit vjen për shkak të efektit që ka ky variant në gjenin OAS1, duke koduar një proteinë më të gjatë OAS1 që është më efektive në luftimin e SARS-CoV-2 se sa forma e pandryshuar.

Nëse ata kanë të drejtë, ky zbulim mund të jetë një hap i rëndësishëm drejt llojeve të reja të trajtimeve që mund të rrisin përgjigjen imunitare duke përdorur një mënyrë të ngjashme.

"The fact that we are beginning to understand genetic risk factors in more detail is the key to developing new drugs against COVID-19," says researcher and geneticist Brent Richards of McGill University in Canada.

 

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